Đề thi thử Tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh: Đề số 12 ( theo chuẩn cấu trúc mới của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, chuẩn định dạng trắc nghiệm 100%)

Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút | Số lượng: 40 câu trắc nghiệm khách quan.

Cấu trúc đề: Chuẩn hóa 100% theo định dạng đề thi Tốt nghiệp THPT của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo.
Hướng dẫn: Nhấn nút "Bắt đầu làm bài" bên dưới để bật đồng hồ đếm ngược. Chọn 1 đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu. Sau khi làm xong, nhấn "Nộp bài / Kiểm tra đáp án" để nhận kết quả chấm điểm tự động và đáp án chi tiết.

📌 [MỤC LỤC] LUYỆN TẬP THÊM CÁC ĐỀ THI TIẾNG ANH 12 TẠI ĐÂY

ĐỀ THI THỬ TỐT NGHIỆP THPT MÔN TIẾNG ANH - ĐỀ SỐ 12

Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút | Số lượng: 40 câu trắc nghiệm khách quan.
Cấu trúc đề: Chuẩn hóa 100% theo định dạng đề thi Tốt nghiệp THPT của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo.
Hướng dẫn: Nhấn nút "Bắt đầu làm bài" bên dưới để bật đồng hồ đếm ngược. Chọn 1 đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu. Sau khi làm xong, nhấn "Nộp bài / Kiểm tra đáp án" để nhận kết quả chấm điểm tự động và đáp án chi tiết.

Thời gian làm bài: 50:00

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a cohesive and coherent exchange or text in each of the following questions from 1 to 5.

Question 1.

a. However, the rapidly growing reliance on artificial intelligence raises critical concerns regarding personal data privacy.
b. Machine learning algorithms can process vast medical datasets to detect early signs of diseases far more accurately than human observation.
c. Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing modern healthcare by transforming diagnostic procedures.
d. Consequently, healthcare authorities must establish robust ethical frameworks to protect patient information without stalling technological progress.
e. Furthermore, these automated tools significantly reduce diagnostic turnaround times in emergency rooms.

A. c − b − e − a − d B. b − c − a − e − d C. c − a − b − d − e D. d − a − e − c − b

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Mở đầu nêu chủ đề AI trong y tế (c) -> Dẫn chứng ưu điểm thứ 1 (b) -> Ưu điểm bổ sung (e) -> Tương phản về mối lo quyền riêng tư (a) -> Kết luận về khung pháp lý (d).

Question 2.

a. Student: Excuse me, professor. Could I get an extension on my assignment deadline?
b. Student: Thank you so much, I will submit the revised draft by Friday.
c. Professor: I can grant you two extra days, provided you submit a medical certificate.

A. a − b − c B. b − c − a C. a − c − b D. c − a − b

Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích: Sinh viên hỏi xin gia hạn (a) -> Giáo sư đồng ý có điều kiện (c) -> Sinh viên gửi lời cảm ơn và hẹn ngày nộp (b).

Question 3.

Dear Mr. Harrison,
a. A deposit of $3,000 will be paid upon signing, and the final installment after the completion of the website launch.
b. Please sign and return the agreement form by 20 October to formally activate the project.
c. We are delighted to inform you that your agency has been chosen for our digital rebranding campaign.
d. Failure to confirm acceptance by the stipulated date will lead to the cancellation of this offer.
e. The project budget is designated exclusively for design, development, and user testing expenses.
Yours sincerely,

A. c − a − e − b − d B. c − e − a − d − b C. c − b − e − d − a D. a − c − b − e − d

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Thông báo lựa chọn (c) -> Điều khoản đặt cọc (a) -> Mục đích sử dụng ngân sách (e) -> Hướng dẫn ký nhận (b) -> Cảnh báo trễ hạn (d).

Question 4.

a. Applicant: Is there a probation period before the contract becomes permanent?
b. Applicant: Perfect. Thank you for making that clear.
c. Applicant: Hello, I would like to ask about the training period for new employees.
d. HR Officer: Yes, all successful candidates complete a three-month evaluation period.
e. HR Officer: Certainly, our training program lasts for two weeks starting on your first day.

A. c − d − a − e − b B. c − e − a − d − b C. a − e − c − d − b D. c − a − e − d − b

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Ứng viên hỏi thời gian đào tạo (c) -> HR trả lời thời gian (e) -> Ứng viên hỏi tiếp về thời gian thử việc (a) -> HR giải đáp 3 tháng (d) -> Ứng viên cám ơn (b).

Question 5.

a. Feedback after one year indicated that residents enjoyed cleaner neighborhood streets and a significant reduction in plastic waste.
b. For decades, the seaside town of Brookhaven struggled with inadequate waste sorting and littering along its beach promenade.
c. To address this, the local municipality launched an incentivized recycling scheme offering shopping vouchers for sorted waste.
d. To maximize community participation, collection hubs were placed near busy supermarkets and primary schools.
e. Impressed by these achievements, surrounding towns have expressed interest in replicating the scheme in their communities.

A. b − c − d − a − e B. c − b − d − a − e C. b − d − c − a − e D. d − a − e − c − b

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Thực trạng rác thải (b) -> Mạng lưới thu gom và giải pháp từ chính quyền (c) -> Địa điểm triển khai ưu tiên (d) -> Kết quả khả quan sau 1 năm (a) -> Sự lan tỏa mô hình (e).

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 6 to 10.

Success in career advancement contains a persistent paradox: impressive job titles do not automatically equate to personal fulfillment. On encountering an executive with a high-sounding title, (6)_______. In reality, however, many occupants of executive corner offices face chronic stress and burnout while devoting virtually all their personal lives to corporate demands. A person holding a prestigious title might indeed be accomplished. Yet the only definitive conclusion you can reach about their status is that they hold a demanding title or carry greater professional responsibilities. (7)_______.
We tend to evaluate career success by superficial indicators (8)_______. We cannot observe internal satisfaction or personal happiness directly, so we rely on exterior benchmarks to gauge achievement: designer attire, executive privileges, and impressive social media profiles. Modern corporate culture has transformed displaying professional status into a thriving industry. (9)_______. True career fulfillment quietly resides in meaningful work, intellectual autonomy, and balanced lifestyle choices made away from the spotlight. Real success is the personal well-being that has not been sacrificed for professional prestige.
Hence, we should be careful (10)_______. This distinction goes beyond mere terminology; confusing title with personal fulfillment is the source of endless career dissatisfaction.

Question 6.

A. you might assume that the person is deeply fulfilled B. the executive might be assumed to be deeply fulfilled C. people might assume you are a deeply fulfilled executive D. it might be assumed that you are deeply fulfilled

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cấu trúc mệnh đề phân từ rút gọn "On encountering...", chủ ngữ mệnh đề chính phải là "you" thực hiện hành động "encountering".

Question 7.

A. What you know about their happiness is everything B. That is all you know about their actual well-being C. You know what their actual well-being is all about D. All that you know is about their happiness

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Mệnh đề kết luận hợp lý "That is all you know about their actual well-being".

Question 8.

A. unless external indicators provide the main evidence available B. because external indicators are the only evidence we have to work with C. rather than by internal satisfaction as the primary metric D. other than external indicators as the only information

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân phù hợp ngữ cảnh "because external indicators are the only evidence we have to work with".

Question 9.

A. However, the reality remains that authentic fulfillment keeps its distance from status B. Authentic fulfillment, similarly, relies on public praise C. Likewise, the truth is that prestige guarantees happiness D. As a result, authentic fulfillment advertises its accomplishments

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Từ nối "However" thiết lập quan hệ tương phản với hiện tượng khoe khoang bên trên: Hạnh phúc đích thực không phụ thuộc vào địa vị công khai.

Question 10.

A. for holding a title to be distinguished from being fulfilled B. to distinguish between holding a prestigious title and being fulfilled C. holding a title distinguishes itself from being fulfilled D. holding a title and being fulfilled distinguish themselves

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Cấu trúc "be careful to do sth" (cẩn thận để phân biệt...): "to distinguish between A and B".

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 11 to 20.

Natural resource management, even when operating without direct market transactions, involves significant implicit costs. Every decision regarding resource utilization must account for opportunity costs. In environmental economics, opportunity cost is defined as the net value of benefits surrendered when a natural asset is designated for one purpose rather than its next best alternative application. Whenever a natural domain offers competing uses, it cannot be considered cost-free.

Take, for instance, a coastal mangrove forest that could either be preserved for storm surge defense and nursery grounds for marine species or cleared for commercial aquaculture. Converting the mangrove into shrimp ponds removes its natural shoreline protection, dramatically heightening erosion risks for inland settlements. The opportunity cost of preserving the mangrove equals the net profit that aquaculture operations would have generated, minus operational and setup investments. Conversely, the opportunity cost of converting the forest includes all natural benefits provided – flood mitigation, carbon sequestration, nursery habitat, and biodiversity preserved for future generations.

This concept holds immense weight for sustainable development policy. [I] Many commercial ventures that initially appear highly profitable present severe long-term liabilities upon systematic evaluation. [II] Clearing native forests for agriculture yields short-term crop revenue but incurs heavy costs through soil degradation, biodiversity loss, and climate instability. [III] Diverting river systems for industrial cooling degrades freshwater habitats and reduces downstream agricultural potential. [IV] Even leaving primary forests undisturbed entails an opportunity cost, as potential logging revenue is foregone.

Consequently, economic progress can never be measured solely by direct financial returns. The vital question is whether returns outweigh the intrinsic ecological values sacrificed. Policy frameworks that integrate resource valuation and mandate comprehensive impact assessments are not obstacles to economic growth. Instead, they demand that development proves its genuine value relative to its true environmental cost. The real danger lies not in evaluating nature too strictly, but in underestimating its value completely.

Question 11. The word surrendered in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. acquired B. relinquished C. extended D. expanded

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Surrendered nghĩa là nhường/từ bỏ, đồng nghĩa với "relinquished".

Question 12. According to paragraph 1, natural resources carry opportunity costs _______.

A. only when they are bought and sold in commercial markets B. whenever they can be applied to alternative competing uses C. because environmental management requires expensive human labor D. when they are fully managed by governmental regulatory agencies

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Đoạn 1 nêu rõ chi phí cơ hội xuất hiện bất cứ khi nào tài nguyên có các mục đích sử dụng thay thế khác nhau.

Question 13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2 as a benefit of preserving coastal mangroves?

A. Shoreline protection B. Carbon sequestration C. Commercial timber harvesting D. Marine nursery habitats

Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích: Commercial timber harvesting (khai thác gỗ thương mại) không được nhắc đến như là lợi ích bảo tồn của rừng ngập mặn ở đoạn 2.

Question 14. Where in paragraph 3 does the following sentence best fit?
"Revealing these hidden costs requires examining the ongoing ecological services provided by nature."

A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV]

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Câu chèn giúp nối tiếp ý nêu phương pháp phát hiện các rủi ro dài hạn/chi phí ẩn ("long-term liabilities") ở vị trí [I].

Question 15. Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

A. Commercial developments produce fewer benefits than agricultural projects. B. Infrastructure projects carry underlying ecological trade-offs that must be evaluated. C. Preserving natural forests eliminates all economic opportunity costs. D. Industrial river diversions generate negligible environmental damage.

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Đoạn 3 tổng quát về việc các dự án cơ sở hạ tầng luôn tồn tại những sự đánh đổi sinh thái tiềm ẩn cần được đánh giá.

Question 16. The word textually "they" in paragraph 4 refers to _______.

A. Policy frameworks B. Direct returns C. Assessments D. Environmental costs

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Từ "they" đóng vai trò chủ ngữ thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều "Policy frameworks" đứng trước đó.

Question 17. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 4?

A. Sound policy requires balancing financial returns against total ecological costs. B. Strict environmental evaluations inevitably paralyze industrial development. C. Projects with positive cash flows should be executed regardless of natural loss. D. Valuing ecosystem services accurately is economically impractical.

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Rút ra kết luận từ đoạn 4: Mọi chính sách tốt đều cần cân bằng lợi ích tài chính với tổng chi phí sinh thái.

Question 18. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Protecting natural habitats incurs no opportunity costs whatsoever. B. Aquaculture operations generate shoreline protection comparable to mangroves. C. Economic development is justified when benefits outweigh natural sacrifices. D. Diverting rivers enhances agricultural outputs in all downstream regions.

Đáp án đúng: C
Giải thích: Phát triển kinh tế là thỏa đáng khi và chỉ khi lợi ích thu về lớn hơn những tổn thất tự nhiên đã đánh đổi.

Question 19. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Overlooking environmental opportunity costs leads to overestimating project profitability. B. Coastal mangroves contribute negligibly to marine biodiversity conservation. C. Economic growth and environmental preservation are inherently incompatible goals. D. Resource pricing eliminates private sector investments in infrastructure.

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Bỏ qua chi phí cơ hội môi trường sẽ khiến các dự án bị thổi phồng tính khả thi/lợi nhuận tài chính.

Question 20. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Sustainable Policy: Factoring in Natural Sacrifices B. The Complete Failure of Coastal Management C. Why Natural Assets Should Remain Unpriced D. Industrial Growth vs. Forest Preservation

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Nhan đề thể hiện bao quát chủ đề bài viết: Chính sách phát triển bền vững và tính toán các sự đánh đổi tài nguyên tự nhiên.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 21 to 28.

In modern professional environments, remote communication platforms have fundamentally reshaped workplace interaction. For many office workers today, launching a video conferencing application at the start of the workday has become an automatic routine. The software remains open on the screen, continuously emitting alerts, drawing professionals away from focused analytical tasks. Behavioral scientists emphasize that this constant virtual availability comes with a hidden cognitive toll that workers rarely recognize.

A recent cross-industry study tracked the daily computer habits of over twelve hundred knowledge workers across financial and consulting sectors. Tracking data demonstrated that even employees who reported feeling "fully productive" switched between work tasks and messaging apps an average of sixteen times per hour. When presented with these findings, participants expressed considerable surprise, as they had believed they were maintaining uninterrupted concentration.

These observations underscore a troubling psychological dynamic: continuous multitasking operates largely outside conscious perception. Psychologists term this "the illusion of productivity" – the false conviction that because one is rapidly answering messages, significant professional work is being accomplished. Post-experiment assessments administered after project deadlines showed that workers who frequently context-switched produced deliverables with higher error rates than peers who worked in dedicated focus blocks.

However, the situation is complex because real-time communication tools are genuinely vital for collaborative workflows. Coordinating cross-functional projects and resolving urgent client queries rely on fast digital messaging. Therefore, the goal for modern organizations is not to eliminate digital communication tools, but to cultivate structured boundaries for their usage. Until balance is established, digital workplaces may function less as hubs of strategic innovation and more as reactive environments dominated by endless notifications.

Question 21. In paragraph 1, the writer is _______.

A. praising the efficiency of modern remote video conferencing apps B. warning against the unrecognized cognitive costs of constant digital availability C. criticizing software developers for creating noisy messaging applications D. advocating for a complete return to traditional office work environments

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Tác giả cảnh báo những tổn thất nhận thức tiềm ẩn của sự kết nối/hiện diện kỹ thuật số liên tục.

Question 22. The word tracked in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. monitored B. modified C. avoided D. published

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Tracked nghĩa là theo dõi/quan sát, đồng nghĩa với "monitored".

Question 23. The word uninterrupted in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______.

A. continuous B. fragmented C. intense D. focused

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Uninterrupted nghĩa là liên tục/không bị ngắt quãng, trái nghĩa với "fragmented" (bị phân mảnh, đứt đoạn).

Question 24. The word peers in paragraph 3 refers to _______.

A. psychologists B. workers C. notifications D. messaging apps

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: "peers" chỉ những đồng nghiệp/người lao động khác trong cuộc thử nghiệm.

Question 25. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
"Therefore, the goal for modern organizations is not to eliminate digital communication tools, but to cultivate structured boundaries for their usage."

A. Organizations should remove communication apps completely to boost analytical thinking. B. Companies need to set clear guidelines for using digital tools rather than banning them entirely. C. Banning messaging apps is easier for organizations than establishing usage rules. D. Modern workplaces should allow unrestricted use of digital platforms at all times.

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Ý câu gốc: Các tổ chức nên thiết lập nguyên tắc giới hạn rõ ràng khi sử dụng công cụ thay vì loại bỏ/cấm hoàn toàn.

Question 26. Which of the following statements would the writer NOT agree with?

A. Context-switching between apps increases error rates in work outcomes. B. Employees accurately estimate how often they check digital notifications. C. Real-time digital communication is valuable for cross-functional collaboration. D. Unregulated notifications hinder long-term strategic innovation.

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Tác giả chỉ ra rằng nhân viên KHÔNG nhận thức chính xác tần suất xao nhãng của bản thân.

Question 27. In which paragraph does the writer mention a disparity between subjective perception and recorded behavioral data?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Đoạn 2 nêu rõ sự khác biệt giữa cảm nhận cá nhân ("believed maintaining uninterrupted focus") và số liệu đo được ("switched apps 16 times/hour").

Question 28. In which paragraph does the writer describe specific workplace tasks that rely on digital communication tools?

A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4

Đáp án đúng: D
Giải thích: Đoạn 4 liệt kê cụ thể các công việc cần công cụ kỹ thuật số như: Phối hợp dự án liên phòng ban ("coordinating cross-functional projects"), xử lý yêu cầu khách hàng ("resolving client queries").

Read the following flyer and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 29 to 34.

VOLUNTEER AT THE COMMUNITY YOUTH CENTER!

Our town youth center is expanding its after-school mentoring initiative to support local teenagers. Your involvement can empower young minds and build a supportive community. Here is how you can participate:

Registration: Please (29)_______ out the mentor application form online, indicating your skills and preferred schedule. This allows our coordinators to pair you effectively.
Orientation: Ensure all workshop materials provided during training are kept in safe (30)_______. Training certificates will be issued after completion.
Execution: Mentors will have learning resources (31)_______ in study halls to create an engaging learning environment.
Support: We use interactive toolkits to (32)_______ youth from academic stress and encourage creative thinking.
Partnership: Volunteer tutors will (33)_______ with experienced educators to refine weekly session plans.
If everyone (34)_______ a hand, we will inspire hundreds of teenagers to reach their potential!

Question 29.

A. fill B. check C. take D. hand

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: "fill out" nghĩa là hoàn thành/điền vào mẫu đơn.

Question 30.

A. condition B. position C. situation D. location

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cụm từ "in safe condition" nghĩa là giữ trong điều kiện an toàn, tốt.

Question 31.

A. arranged B. arranging C. arrange D. to arrange

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cấu trúc thể truyền sai thụ động: "have sth done" (have learning resources arranged).

Question 32.

A. protect B. remove C. isolate D. prevent

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cụm từ "protect youth from academic stress" nghĩa là bảo vệ giới trẻ khỏi căng thẳng học tập.

Question 33.

A. collaborate B. collaboration C. collaborative D. collaboratively

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Sau động từ khuyết thiếu "will" cần một Động từ nguyên thể "collaborate".

Question 34.

A. lends B. lent C. lend D. has lent

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Thành ngữ "lend a hand" (giúp sức/chung tay). Trong mệnh đề If của câu điều kiện loại 1 với "everyone", động từ chia số ít: "lends".

Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 35 to 40.

HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CAMPAIGN

The theme for this year’s Municipal Health Week puts (35)_______ on encouraging physical exercise and balanced nutrition among urban residents. Fast-paced lifestyles often lead to physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits. (36)_______, individuals who neglect daily exercise face higher risks of developing chronic health conditions.

Since 2021, city sport centers have been coming up (37)_______ new outdoor fitness classes and wellness workshops. This year, two main activities are organized: neighborhood jogging clubs and community cooking sessions. Participation in (38)_______ activity is open to all citizens free of charge. Registration forms (39)_______ be submitted before Friday.

Take charge of your health today. The more consistently we exercise, (40)_______ our overall quality of life will be! Join us now!

Question 35.

A. emphasis B. pressure C. focus D. weight

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cụm từ cố định "put emphasis on sth" nghĩa là chú trọng/nhấn mạnh vào cái gì.

Question 36.

A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Otherwise

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Từ nối chỉ kết quả hợp lý "Therefore" (Do đó/Vì vậy).

Question 37.

A. roses B. trumps C. gold D. light

Đáp án đúng: B
Giải thích: Thành ngữ "come up trumps" nghĩa là hoàn thành cực kỳ thành công/vượt kỳ vọng.

Question 38.

A. either B. both C. neither D. all

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: "either" đi với danh từ số ít "activity" trong ngữ cảnh chọn một trong hai hoạt động đã liệt kê.

Question 39.

A. should B. should not C. ought D. ought not

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Động từ khuyết thiếu thể hiện đề xuất "should be submitted" (nên được nộp trước thứ Sáu).

Question 40.

A. the better B. better C. the best D. best

Đáp án đúng: A
Giải thích: Cấu trúc so sánh kép: "The + so sánh hơn..., the + so sánh hơn..." -> "The more consistently..., the better...".

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📌 LUYỆN TẬP THÊM CÁC ĐỀ THI TIẾNG ANH 12 KHÁC TẠI ĐÂY